Pencil and process of making the same



July 29 1924. 1502.763

L. W. BUGBEE PENCIL AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Jan. 18 1924 TIE. L C w TIQ. B 5 9 INVENTOR. Zucwsw 14/ 51/6555 A TTORNEY5.

35 clay and by the firing temperature."

7 50 color.

ECE.

LUCIAN w. BUGBEE, or mnIANAroLIs, INDIANA.

PENCIL AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE SAME.

Application filed January 18, 1924. Serial No. 687,032.

To all whom it may concern:

- Be it known that I,.LUGIAN W. BUGBEE,

dent of Indianapolis, county of Marion, and .State of Indiana, have invented a certain new .and useful Pencil and Process of Making the Same; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had. to

10 the accompanying drawings, in which, like numerals refer to like parts. I

The object ofthis invention is the provision of a pencil in which the pores of the lead are filled with coloring matter or ink which will afford any desired coloring of writing and will make the same permanent. One feature of the invention consists in the process of making such lead pencil by mixing clay and wood dust or other oxidizable material in forming the lead and then heating the lead in such manner as to consume or oxidize the wood dust and leave the lead consisting of clayhoneycombed with pores, and then filling the lead by saturating it in a melted solutlon of wax and pigment of the desired color until the pores are filled.

I am aware that colored pencils have heretofore been made, but not with the hard vitrified honeycombed clay structure as $0 herein set forth. With my invention I have a lead as hard as the ordinary lead pencil instead of the soft easily breakable colored leads in common use. Also the hardness can be controlled by the proper proportions of showing the mixture of clay and wood dust.

' Fig. 4 is the same showing it after the wood dust has been oxidized or consumed and leavlng the clay porous. Fig. 5 is the same after the porous clay has been filled with a In making the 'pencil herein set forth the first step in the process is to mix clav 8 and wood dust 9 or the like into a Dlastic composition and for that pur ose the proportions may be one of clay an two of wood dust,

but the invention is not limited to any exact proportions. a citizen of the United States, and a resi- The second step in the process is to extrude the leads 10 from this plastic mass. The third step of the process consists in heating theleads in such wayas to consume .or oxidize the wood dust or other carbonaceous material and harden the clay and leave the latter honeycombed with pores. This is done by placing the leads in an open crucible and heating it sufficient to oxidize and burn out all the carbon and leave only the honeycombed hard clay structure. This leaves the lead as shown in Fig.4.

The fourth step in the process consists in saturating the honeycombed clay lead in a colored solution of wax-like material and a pigment of desired color, which were previously intermixed, until the pores-1n the clay are filled with the pigment and wax and the lead coated with the latter.

By this invention "a lead is produced that is as hard as the ordinary lead pencil instead of the soft easily breakable colored leads in common use and the hardness can be increased by increasing the proportion of clay and the firing. I

The filling may include a solution of silver nitrate, copper chloride or other suitable chemical to act on the structure of the paper and that will make erasure or alteration in signature or writing impossible.

capable of producing the desired color chemically or by the action of the light.

Theinventio'n claimed is:

1. The process of making a pencil, which process includes forming a lead of clay and carbonaceous material intermixed, second in heating said lead so as to oxidize the carbonaceous material and leave a lead formed of hard honeycombed clay, and afterwards filling said lead with colored pigment.

' 2 The process of making a pencil, which process includes forming a lead of clayand carbonaceous material intermixed, second in heating said lead so as to oxidize the carbonaceous material and leave a lead formed of hard honeycombed clay, forming a solution of colored pigment and wax-like mate rial, and saturating said honeycombed'clay" lead therein'so as to fill and coat the sanie.-

3. The'process of making apencil, which process includesforming a lead-of clay and wood dust intermixed in substantially the proportion of one part of clay and two parts of wood dust intermixed in plastic form, extruding leads from said plastic mass, 'baking said leads until the wood is oxidized and removed, forming a solution of colored, pigment and wax-like material, and saturatlng the leads therein to fill and coat the same.

4. The process of making a pencil, which process includesforming a lead of clay and carbonaceous material intermixed, second in baking said lead so as to oxidize the carbonaceous material and leave the lead formed of hard honeycombed clay, forming a filler including a chemical that will act on the structure of the aper, and saturating said honeycombed c ay lead therein so as to fill the same.

5. A pencil having a lead formed of honeycombed clay, and a filling of colored pigment and Wax-like material.

6. A pencil having a lead formed of honeycombed clay, and a filling which Will act as a chemical on the structure of the paper in:

order to make an erasure thereof impossible.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

LUCIAN W. BUGBEE. 

